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Beginner · 2 min

Atoms becoming ions

An ion is an atom or group of atoms with an electric charge. Electrons carry negative charge; protons carry positive charge. Losing electrons makes an atom more positive, while gaining electrons makes it more negative. A neutral sodium atom has equal numbers of protons and electrons. If it loses one electron, it has one more proton than electron and becomes a positively charged ion. Its proton count has not changed, so it is still sodium.

Visual explanation

Forming a positive ion

  1. A neutral atom
  2. The atom loses an electron
  3. A positively charged ion remains

Electrons carry negative charge. Losing an electron changes charge without changing the number of protons.

Simplified diagram. Read the explanation for the conditions and limits.

Practice

A neutral atom loses one electron. What is its new charge?